www.mep.go.cr
www.onestopenglish.com
martes, 21 de octubre de 2008
martes, 14 de octubre de 2008
Carlos Mayorga: http://www.universidadlatina.blogspot.com/JessicaBarquero: http://www.jbarquero.blogspot.com/Rodolfo Guevara: http://www.guevara-rodolfo.blogspot.com/Maricruz Molina: http://www.maricruzmolinatrejos.blogspot.com/Alex Guevara: http://www.aguevara02.blogspot.com/Jenifer Molina: http://www./ "jenn23"blogspot.comPituca: http://www.p2k34.blogspot.com/Braulio Araya: http://www.braulioarayacarrillo.blogspot.com/Yerlin Caseres: http://www.garbage-yerlin.blogspot.com/Maringen Gonzalez: http://www.recursos-maringen.blogspot.com/Aileen Cubillo: http://www.dixicubillo.blogspot.com/Jonathan Gutierrez: http://www.john2269.blogspot.com/Dana Arias: http://www.animegirl.blogspot.com/Greivin Araya: http://www.greivinaraya.blogspot.com/Nidia Gayle: http://www.nidiagayle.blogspot.com/Magaly Rojas: http://www.magaly-mrojas.blogspot.com/Sirley Sandi: http://www.tilism.blogspot.com/Marisol Arce: http://www.marisolarce.blogspot.com/Meydellyn Vargas: http://www.meypinkypunky.blogspot.com/Maribel Leon: http://www.marileon21.blogspot.com/
Carlos Mayorga: http://www.universidadlatina.blogspot.com/Rodolfo Guevara: http://www.rguevara-rodolfo.blogspot.com/Alex Guevara: www.aguevara02.blogspot.comJennifermolina: www."jenn23".blogspot.comJessicaBarquero: www.jbarquero.blogspot.comPítuca: www.p2k34.blogspot.comBraulioAraya: www.braulioarayacarrillo.blogspot.comYerlingCaseres: www.garbage-yerlin.blogspot.comMaringenGonzalez: www.recursos-maringen.blogspot.comHaylenCubillo: www.dixicubillo.blogspot.comJonathanGutierrez: www.john2269.blogspot.comDanaArias: www.animegirl.blogspot.comGreivingAraya: www.GreivingAraya.blogspot.comNidiaGayle: www.chickenfour.blogspot.comMagalyRojas: www.magaly-mrojas.blogspot.comSirleySandí: www.tilism.blogspot.comMarisolArce: www.marisolarce.blogspot.comMeydellynVargas: www.meypinkypunky.blogspot.comMaribelLeón: http://www.marileon21.blogspot.com/
Profession
The term profession is applied to those persons who have specialized and technical skill or knowledge which they apply, for a fee, to certain tasks that ordinary and unqualified people cannot ordinarily undertake. The term derives from the Latin: "to swear (an oath)". The oath referred to dictates adherence to ethical standards, which invariably include practitioner/client confidentiality, truthfulness, and the striving to be an expert in one's calling, all three of these being practiced above all for the benefit of the client. There is also a stipulation about upholding the good name of the profession.
The term profession thus refers to an occupation, vocation or high-status career, usually involving prolonged academic training, formal qualifications and membership of a professional or regulatory body. Professions involve the application of specialized knowledge of a subject, field, or science to fee-paying clientele.[1] It is axiomatic that "professional activity involves systematic knowledge and proficiency."[2] Professions are usually regulated by professional bodies that may set examinations of competence, act as a licensing authority for practitioners, and enforce adherence to an ethical code of practice.
The term profession thus refers to an occupation, vocation or high-status career, usually involving prolonged academic training, formal qualifications and membership of a professional or regulatory body. Professions involve the application of specialized knowledge of a subject, field, or science to fee-paying clientele.[1] It is axiomatic that "professional activity involves systematic knowledge and proficiency."[2] Professions are usually regulated by professional bodies that may set examinations of competence, act as a licensing authority for practitioners, and enforce adherence to an ethical code of practice.
Occupation
Occupation may refer to:
In business:
Employment, a person's job or work in service of an employer
Profession, an occupation requiring specialized knowledge
Vocation, an occupation pursued more for altruistic benefit than for income
Career, a person's occupational history
Day job, an occupation solely for income, while pursuing another preferred career track
List of occupations
Standard Occupational Classification System, developed and used by the U.S. government
Occupational prestige, the relative esteem in which a particular job is held
Occupational therapy, assisting people who have difficulty performing occupational functions
Occupational science, the study of humans as occupational beings
Occupational disease, chronic ailment resulting from work
Occupational crime, opportunistically committed in the course of legal occupation
In a military context:
Military occupation, control of a territory by a military force
Law of occupation, portions of the law of war which relate to military occupation
List of military occupations, notable historical instances of military occupation
In business:
Employment, a person's job or work in service of an employer
Profession, an occupation requiring specialized knowledge
Vocation, an occupation pursued more for altruistic benefit than for income
Career, a person's occupational history
Day job, an occupation solely for income, while pursuing another preferred career track
List of occupations
Standard Occupational Classification System, developed and used by the U.S. government
Occupational prestige, the relative esteem in which a particular job is held
Occupational therapy, assisting people who have difficulty performing occupational functions
Occupational science, the study of humans as occupational beings
Occupational disease, chronic ailment resulting from work
Occupational crime, opportunistically committed in the course of legal occupation
In a military context:
Military occupation, control of a territory by a military force
Law of occupation, portions of the law of war which relate to military occupation
List of military occupations, notable historical instances of military occupation
miércoles, 8 de octubre de 2008
Teaching Methods wernickles areas
BRAIN: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION If you are left-handed, you have probably felt discriminated against at one time or another: most school desks are built to be written on by right-handers, scissors work much better if you are right-handed, and in some cultures you are not permitted to eat or even touch food with your left hand. The Devil, too, is said to be left-handed, and many words such as 'sinister' and 'gauche' come from words meaning 'left'. 'Dexterity' comes from the Latin word for 'right'. Being 'right' in the moral sense of the word also derives from the use of the right hand.
As if all this were not enough, it seems that Nature, too, discriminates against left-handers, for they are more likely to suffer from a variety of language disorders and learning disabilities, ranging from higher incidences of stammering to a complete loss of language. They seem to die younger, too. (Perhaps they get more involved in automobile or industrial accidents due to errors in the operation of equipment, equipment which is designed for right-handers.) Consequently, while almost 13% of the population worldwide is naturally left-handed, with a higher percentage among males (about 10% male and about 4% female), by age 80, only 1% of left-handers in the total population are still alive. Why the rate of left-handedness should be so much higher for males is not known although one factor might be related to the effect of sexual hormones in the brain development of the fetus.
Left-handers need not throw up their hands in despair, however, because among them there is a greater proportion of artists, musicians and writers than is found among right-handers. And if you use both hands equally well,i.e., are ambidextrous, you can take heart, for you are in the company of the likes of Leonardo da Vinci. You might not like the word 'ambidextrous', though, since it means, from Latin, 'to have two right hands'!
Handedness is directly related to the structure and development of the brain. The brain and the spinal cord, together, make up the central nervous system. From the top of the spine upwards are the medulla oblongata, the pons Varolii, the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex (cerebrum) in that order. These four major parts of the brain form an integrated whole by means of connective tissue. The first three are concerned with essentially physical functions, including breathing, heartbeat, transmission and coordination of movement, involuntary reflexes, digestion, emotional arousal, etc. In comparing the brains of lower vertebrates with those of higher vertebrates and primates, such as man and the apes, the most noticeable difference is in the part of the brain which developed last in the course of evolution, the cerebral cortex. While in fish, for example, the cerebral cortex is barely visible and is one of the smallest parts of the brain, in humans it has increased in size and complexity to become the largest part of the brain. The cerebral cortex, itself, is a layer of grooved, wrinkled and winding tissue. In time, due to growth in the number and complexity of brain cells, the cerebral cortex takes on a pink-gray appearance, giving us the common term "gray matter" for referring to this part of the brain or our intelligence.
The cerebral cortex is characterized by its division into two halves, termed hemispheres which are connected by tissue called the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum, it should be noted, is not only a connector for the hemispheres, but it is the principle integrator of the mental processes which are carried out in the two hemispheres. The general appearance of the cerebral hemispheres as a whole is that of a walnut with the two adjoined parts mirror images of one another. Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into four sections: the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes. They are a convenient dividing of the brain into parts, loosely based on physical features. Functions such as cognition (to some degree) occur in the frontal lobe, general sensing (in the arms, legs, face, etc.) in the parietal lobe, hearing in the temporal lobe and vision in the occipital lobe. As we shall see later, some of these areas are also involved in the structure and function of language.
As far as our linguistic abilities are concerned, however, it is not evident exactly how important the actual size and weight of the brain are. Whales and elephants have bigger brains, but they also have bigger bodies, so it might be the ratio of brain to body size and weight which is important. However, the brain of the average 13 year old human weighs 1.35 kg and the proportion to body weight (45 kg) is 1:34. This is the same ratio as in a 3-year old chimp. Thus, while brain size is almost certainly related to general intelligence in a very broad sense as one moves up the evolutionary ladder from species to species, there is no indication that size and size alone is the crucial factor which would explain human language and non-human lack of language. Structural differences must exist which account for intelligence, language and other highly cognitive functioning. back to top
As if all this were not enough, it seems that Nature, too, discriminates against left-handers, for they are more likely to suffer from a variety of language disorders and learning disabilities, ranging from higher incidences of stammering to a complete loss of language. They seem to die younger, too. (Perhaps they get more involved in automobile or industrial accidents due to errors in the operation of equipment, equipment which is designed for right-handers.) Consequently, while almost 13% of the population worldwide is naturally left-handed, with a higher percentage among males (about 10% male and about 4% female), by age 80, only 1% of left-handers in the total population are still alive. Why the rate of left-handedness should be so much higher for males is not known although one factor might be related to the effect of sexual hormones in the brain development of the fetus.
Left-handers need not throw up their hands in despair, however, because among them there is a greater proportion of artists, musicians and writers than is found among right-handers. And if you use both hands equally well,i.e., are ambidextrous, you can take heart, for you are in the company of the likes of Leonardo da Vinci. You might not like the word 'ambidextrous', though, since it means, from Latin, 'to have two right hands'!
Handedness is directly related to the structure and development of the brain. The brain and the spinal cord, together, make up the central nervous system. From the top of the spine upwards are the medulla oblongata, the pons Varolii, the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex (cerebrum) in that order. These four major parts of the brain form an integrated whole by means of connective tissue. The first three are concerned with essentially physical functions, including breathing, heartbeat, transmission and coordination of movement, involuntary reflexes, digestion, emotional arousal, etc. In comparing the brains of lower vertebrates with those of higher vertebrates and primates, such as man and the apes, the most noticeable difference is in the part of the brain which developed last in the course of evolution, the cerebral cortex. While in fish, for example, the cerebral cortex is barely visible and is one of the smallest parts of the brain, in humans it has increased in size and complexity to become the largest part of the brain. The cerebral cortex, itself, is a layer of grooved, wrinkled and winding tissue. In time, due to growth in the number and complexity of brain cells, the cerebral cortex takes on a pink-gray appearance, giving us the common term "gray matter" for referring to this part of the brain or our intelligence.
The cerebral cortex is characterized by its division into two halves, termed hemispheres which are connected by tissue called the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum, it should be noted, is not only a connector for the hemispheres, but it is the principle integrator of the mental processes which are carried out in the two hemispheres. The general appearance of the cerebral hemispheres as a whole is that of a walnut with the two adjoined parts mirror images of one another. Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into four sections: the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes. They are a convenient dividing of the brain into parts, loosely based on physical features. Functions such as cognition (to some degree) occur in the frontal lobe, general sensing (in the arms, legs, face, etc.) in the parietal lobe, hearing in the temporal lobe and vision in the occipital lobe. As we shall see later, some of these areas are also involved in the structure and function of language.
As far as our linguistic abilities are concerned, however, it is not evident exactly how important the actual size and weight of the brain are. Whales and elephants have bigger brains, but they also have bigger bodies, so it might be the ratio of brain to body size and weight which is important. However, the brain of the average 13 year old human weighs 1.35 kg and the proportion to body weight (45 kg) is 1:34. This is the same ratio as in a 3-year old chimp. Thus, while brain size is almost certainly related to general intelligence in a very broad sense as one moves up the evolutionary ladder from species to species, there is no indication that size and size alone is the crucial factor which would explain human language and non-human lack of language. Structural differences must exist which account for intelligence, language and other highly cognitive functioning. back to top
The Autims
Rare Autism Spectrum Disorders
Rett Syndrome
Rett syndrome is relatively rare, affecting almost exclusively females, one out of 10,000 to 15,000. After a period of normal development, sometime between 6 and 18 months, autism-like symptoms begin to appear. The little girl's mental and social development regresses—she no longer responds to her parents and pulls away from any social contact. If she has been talking, she stops; she cannot control her feet; she wrings her hands. Some of the problems associated with Rett syndrome can be treated. Physical, occupational, and speech therapy can help with problems of coordination, movement, and speech.
Scientists sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development have discovered that a mutation in the sequence of a single gene can cause Rett syndrome. This discovery may help doctors slow or stop the progress of the syndrome. It may also lead to methods of screening for Rett syndrome, thus enabling doctors to start treating these children much sooner, and improving the quality of life these children experience.*
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Very few children who have an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis meet the criteria for childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD). An estimate based on four surveys of ASD found fewer than two children per 100,000 with ASD could be classified as having CDD. This suggests that CDD is a very rare form of ASD. It has a strong male preponderance.** Symptoms may appear by age 2, but the average age of onset is between 3 and 4 years. Until this time, the child has age-appropriate skills in communication and social relationships. The long period of normal development before regression helps differentiate CDD from Rett syndrome.
The loss of such skills as vocabulary are more dramatic in CDD than they are in classical autism. The diagnosis requires extensive and pronounced losses involving motor, language, and social skills.*** CDD is also accompanied by loss of bowel and bladder control and oftentimes seizures and a very low IQ.
Rett Syndrome
Rett syndrome is relatively rare, affecting almost exclusively females, one out of 10,000 to 15,000. After a period of normal development, sometime between 6 and 18 months, autism-like symptoms begin to appear. The little girl's mental and social development regresses—she no longer responds to her parents and pulls away from any social contact. If she has been talking, she stops; she cannot control her feet; she wrings her hands. Some of the problems associated with Rett syndrome can be treated. Physical, occupational, and speech therapy can help with problems of coordination, movement, and speech.
Scientists sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development have discovered that a mutation in the sequence of a single gene can cause Rett syndrome. This discovery may help doctors slow or stop the progress of the syndrome. It may also lead to methods of screening for Rett syndrome, thus enabling doctors to start treating these children much sooner, and improving the quality of life these children experience.*
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Very few children who have an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis meet the criteria for childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD). An estimate based on four surveys of ASD found fewer than two children per 100,000 with ASD could be classified as having CDD. This suggests that CDD is a very rare form of ASD. It has a strong male preponderance.** Symptoms may appear by age 2, but the average age of onset is between 3 and 4 years. Until this time, the child has age-appropriate skills in communication and social relationships. The long period of normal development before regression helps differentiate CDD from Rett syndrome.
The loss of such skills as vocabulary are more dramatic in CDD than they are in classical autism. The diagnosis requires extensive and pronounced losses involving motor, language, and social skills.*** CDD is also accompanied by loss of bowel and bladder control and oftentimes seizures and a very low IQ.
martes, 7 de octubre de 2008
Multiple Intelligences
It is an intresting topic, but is most a style of life for them, every second in our country a child has discoverded his Intellegences. Well, there is a a scientist called Howard Gardnner and in the 1983 he discorved this.
So, some research had been intresting in that. For learning is curios and useful i the classroom.
Also, this theory has been futher refined in subsequent years for the humanity.
So, some research had been intresting in that. For learning is curios and useful i the classroom.
Also, this theory has been futher refined in subsequent years for the humanity.
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